Before this course: Start a Small Farm: vegetables & crops as a business (course 2.16). You should already have a buyer list, a cost per kilo idea and your "five links" for the rules where you live.
Map your season
A farm year is like a school year. There are times to plant, times to wait and times to harvest, and you cannot move them around. So you draw the year on a calendar first, before you buy a single seed.
- The Philippines has two big seasons in PAGASA's description: a rainy season from June to November and a dry season from December to May. The dry season is split into a cool dry period (December to February) and a hot dry period (March to May). PAGASA groups the country into four climate types based on how rainfall is spread through the year, so your region may differ. Use your regional Department of Agriculture office for local crop calendars.
- In Canada the main limit is cold, not rain. Growers plan around the last spring frost and first fall frost for their own town. Ask OMAFRA, your provincial agriculture ministry or a local extension office for the dates for your area. Do not borrow dates from another region.
- A crop calendar has four dates for each crop: start seeds (or buy transplants), plant out, first harvest, last harvest.
- Work backwards from your buyer. If a restaurant wants lettuce in June, count back from June to find your seeding date.
- Keep a weather and planting diary. Your own farm's history becomes more useful than any general chart.
| Date to find | Where to look |
|---|---|
| Wet and dry season (Philippines) | PAGASA climate page, regional DA office |
| Frost dates (Canada) | Provincial agriculture ministry, local extension office |
| Crop days to harvest | Seed packet or seed company catalogue |
- Write the name of your town and the two local offices you will ask: your agriculture office and your extension or university contact.
- Ask them for your local rainy and dry season (Philippines) or last spring and first fall frost dates (Canada and other cold places).
- Draw twelve boxes on a page, one per month, and shade the months when outdoor growing is possible.
- Choose three crops from your Beginner course buyer list.
- For each crop, find "days to harvest" on the seed packet or seed catalogue.
- Count back from the date your buyer wants it, to find the seeding or transplanting date, and write it in the box.
- Check: every crop has four dates (start, plant out, first harvest, last harvest), and every date falls inside your growing months.
Videos by other creators on YouTube, for reference. They are not made by or affiliated with The Future Market.
Read the video script
[Host] "A farm year is a calendar you cannot move. Draw it before you plant."
[Text on screen: Philippines: rainy June to November, dry December to May] "PAGASA describes a rainy season from June to November and a dry season from December to May."
[Screen: calendar with seeding, planting and harvest dates] "Start from the date your buyer wants the crop, and count backwards."
[Host] "Ask your local agriculture office for your real dates. Never copy someone else's."
Make a twelve-month calendar for three crops. Mark the local season dates you got from your agriculture office, and write the four dates for each crop.
ClaudeStuck? Copy a ready-made prompt for Claude
Copy this, open Claude, paste it, and Claude will walk you through the lesson step by step.
For a grown-up: Claude is for adults (18+). Copy this, paste it into Claude, and use the answer to explain the lesson to your child.
I'm learning "Crop Planning: seasons, yields and records" on The Future Market. Lesson 1: "Map your season". What the lesson teaches: - The Philippines has two big seasons in PAGASA's description: a rainy season from June to November and a dry season from December to May. The dry season is split into a cool dry period (December to February) and a hot dry period (March to May). PAGASA groups the country into four climate types based on how rainfall is spread through the year, so your region may differ. Use your regional Department of Agriculture office for local crop calendars. - In Canada the main limit is cold, not rain. Growers plan around the last spring frost and first fall frost for their own town. Ask OMAFRA, your provincial agriculture ministry or a local extension office for the dates for your area. Do not borrow dates from another region. - A crop calendar has four dates for each crop: start seeds (or buy transplants), plant out, first harvest, last harvest. - Work backwards from your buyer. If a restaurant wants lettuce in June, count back from June to find your seeding date. - Keep a weather and planting diary. Your own farm's history becomes more useful than any general chart. - Date to find - Where to look - Wet and dry season (Philippines) - PAGASA climate page, regional DA office The exercise I'm working on: Make a twelve-month calendar for three crops. Mark the local season dates you got from your agriculture office, and write the four dates for each crop. I'm stuck. Please: 1. Explain the main idea in plain, simple words with one everyday example. 2. Walk me through the exercise one small step at a time. Ask me what I've done so far before giving the next step. 3. Don't just give me the final answer. Help me do it myself, and check my work when I share it.
I'm a parent helping my child (about 8 years old) with a lesson called "Map your season" from the course "Crop Planning: seasons, yields and records". Here's what the lesson says: A farm year is like a school year. There are times to plant, times to wait and times to harvest, and you cannot move them around. So you draw the year on a calendar first, before you buy a single seed. The activity: Make a twelve-month calendar for three crops. Mark the local season dates you got from your agriculture office, and write the four dates for each crop. Please explain this so an 8-year-old understands: short sentences, a fun everyday example, and no hard words. Then give me 3 simple questions I can ask my child to check they understood, and a way to do the activity together, one tiny step at a time.
Sources
- PAGASA, Climate of the Philippines: www.pagasa.dost.gov.ph/information/climate-philippines
- OMAFRA, Ontario Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Agribusiness: www.ontario.ca/page/ministry-agriculture-food-and-agribusiness
Plan crop rotation by plant family
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Yield and planting maths
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Soil tests and input records
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Field, harvest and sales records
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Cost per kilo, crop mix and price
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Review the season and plan the next
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Final project
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Quiz
Why use your own area's official weather agency for rainy and dry season dates?
Seasons differ by place (for example PAGASA describes the Philippine rainy season as June to November).
What does crop rotation mean?
Growing crops from different plant families in a bed in different seasons, so pests and diseases do not build up.
How long a break from susceptible hosts usually lets infected residue break down?
Usually about 3 years (according to Ontario's OMAFRA Crop Protection Hub).
Which family do tomato and eggplant belong to?
Nightshades.
How do you work out plants needed?
Target kilos ÷ (kilos per plant x share that survives and is sellable).
Why take many soil cores, and how many for a basic sample up to 5 ha?
Many cores make the sample represent the whole field (OMAFRA suggests at least 20 cores, 15 cm deep).
What are the four record sheets in this course?
Fields, Inputs, Harvest, Sales.
What is a lot number for?
To trace a box back to the bed, date and inputs.
What is margin per labour hour?
Margin divided by the hours of work the crop needs.
Why must certain food businesses track the movement of food?
So food can be traced to the next buyer and from the previous supplier (required by the CFIA in Canada).
Final exam
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Certificate
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