Rent or buy? Compare the full cost picture
Imagine you can borrow a bike or buy one. Borrowing means you do not fix flat tires. Buying means the bike is yours, but you pay for every repair. Housing works the same way: both choices cost money in different ways, and you should count all of them.
- Before this course: Personal Finance Planning: goals, insurance and debt plans (course 5.1.2), which builds on Personal Finance Basics: Budget, Save, Pay Off Debt (course 5.1). You already have a budget, an emergency fund target, a net worth sheet, SMART goals and a debt plan. This course uses them to test the big life decisions: housing, family and career. Registered accounts (such as the FHSA) are in course 5.3 and credit scores are in course 5.2, so we only point to them here.
- In Canada, the Financial Consumer Agency of Canada (FCAC) says rent and household expenses should generally not be higher than 35% of gross household income. It is a guide, not a rule for your life.
- Costs of renting beyond rent can include utilities and internet setup, moving, renter's insurance, and furniture for a first place. A landlord may ask for a deposit (often called last month's rent) that generally cannot exceed one month's rent.
- Renting avoids real estate agent fees, property taxes and home maintenance, and carries no long-term commitment. FCAC notes it may be cheaper than buying.
- Owning comes with its own costs on top of the mortgage: property taxes, home insurance, repairs and upkeep, utilities, and one-time buying costs (Lesson 3).
- A fair comparison counts every cost on both sides, over the number of years you expect to stay, and includes the money you would have used as a down payment. A common mistake is to compare only the monthly rent with only the monthly mortgage payment.
- Home prices can go down as well as up. Buying is a big, hard-to-reverse decision because selling costs money and takes time.
- Tools exist for the comparison: the FCAC Mortgage Qualifier Tool and Mortgage Calculator, and the CMHC affordability calculator.
- Open a spreadsheet and make two columns: Rent and Buy.
- In Rent, list rent, tenant insurance, utilities, parking and any other regular cost. Write a monthly number for each.
- In Buy, list mortgage payment, property tax, home insurance, repairs and upkeep, utilities and any condo fees. Use real quotes or estimates from listings and your lender (these are estimates, not promises).
- Add one-time costs for each: moving for both, and the buying costs in Lesson 3 for Buy.
- Write how many years you expect to stay, because moving soon changes the comparison a lot.
- Add up each column per year and divide the housing cost by gross household income to compare with the 35% guide.
- Check: every cost you can think of is in both columns, and you wrote the years you will stay.
Videos by other creators on YouTube, for reference. They are not made by or affiliated with The Future Market.
Read the video script
[Host] "Rent or buy? The honest answer starts with counting every cost."
[Text on screen: Rent: rent, insurance, utilities. Buy: mortgage, tax, repairs, insurance] "Renting has rent, insurance and utilities. Owning has the mortgage, property tax, insurance and repairs."
[Screen: spreadsheet with two columns] "Put both in a table and add the one-time costs."
[Text on screen: Education only] "This is education, not advice. Your answer depends on your life, so check with a licensed professional."
Build your Rent and Buy table using a real listing or a rent price near you. Write how long you expect to stay and the share of gross income each option takes.
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For a grown-up: Claude is for adults (18+). Copy this, paste it into Claude, and use the answer to explain the lesson to your child.
I'm learning "Life-Stage Finance: housing, family and career moves" on The Future Market. Lesson 1: "Rent or buy? Compare the full cost picture". What the lesson teaches: - Before this course: Personal Finance Planning: goals, insurance and debt plans (course 5.1.2), which builds on Personal Finance Basics: Budget, Save, Pay Off Debt (course 5.1). You already have a budget, an emergency fund target, a net worth sheet, SMART goals and a debt plan. This course uses them to test the big life decisions: housing, family and career. Registered accounts (such as the FHSA) are in course 5.3 and credit scores are in course 5.2, so we only point to them here. - In Canada, the Financial Consumer Agency of Canada (FCAC) says rent and household expenses should generally not be higher than 35% of gross household income. It is a guide, not a rule for your life. - Costs of renting beyond rent can include utilities and internet setup, moving, renter's insurance, and furniture for a first place. A landlord may ask for a deposit (often called last month's rent) that generally cannot exceed one month's rent. - Renting avoids real estate agent fees, property taxes and home maintenance, and carries no long-term commitment. FCAC notes it may be cheaper than buying. - Owning comes with its own costs on top of the mortgage: property taxes, home insurance, repairs and upkeep, utilities, and one-time buying costs (Lesson 3). - A fair comparison counts every cost on both sides, over the number of years you expect to stay, and includes the money you would have used as a down payment. A common mistake is to compare only the monthly rent with only the monthly mortgage payment. - Home prices can go down as well as up. Buying is a big, hard-to-reverse decision because selling costs money and takes time. The exercise I'm working on: Build your Rent and Buy table using a real listing or a rent price near you. Write how long you expect to stay and the share of gross income each option takes. I'm stuck. Please: 1. Explain the main idea in plain, simple words with one everyday example. 2. Walk me through the exercise one small step at a time. Ask me what I've done so far before giving the next step. 3. Don't just give me the final answer. Help me do it myself, and check my work when I share it. 4. This is for learning only. Remind me to check with a licensed professional before I make a real decision about my own money, health or legal situation.
I'm a parent helping my child (about 8 years old) with a lesson called "Rent or buy? Compare the full cost picture" from the course "Life-Stage Finance: housing, family and career moves". Here's what the lesson says: Imagine you can borrow a bike or buy one. Borrowing means you do not fix flat tires. Buying means the bike is yours, but you pay for every repair. Housing works the same way: both choices cost money in different ways, and you should count all of them. The activity: Build your Rent and Buy table using a real listing or a rent price near you. Write how long you expect to stay and the share of gross income each option takes. Please explain this so an 8-year-old understands: short sentences, a fun everyday example, and no hard words. Then give me 3 simple questions I can ask my child to check they understood, and a way to do the activity together, one tiny step at a time. Keep it general and educational. This is not advice for a real situation.
Sources
- FCAC, Renting your first apartment: www.canada.ca/en/financial-consumer-agency/services/renting-first-apar
- FCAC, Mortgages: www.canada.ca/en/financial-consumer-agency/services/mortgages.html
How a mortgage works (Canadian example)
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Buying costs, ownership costs and mortgage trouble
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Family: planning for a child and parental leave
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Career moves: job loss, new jobs and changing course
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Test a big decision on paper
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Final project
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Quiz
How can you check whether rent and household costs are affordable?
Compare them with your gross household income using your country's official guide.
Why compare both sides over the years you plan to stay?
Moving soon changes the comparison, and buying and selling have costs.
Why should you check the minimum down payment rules where you live?
They differ by country and decide how much cash you need to buy.
What is the difference between term and amortization?
The term is how long your current contract lasts; the amortization is the total time to repay the loan.
What happens with a longer amortization?
The payment is lower but the total interest is higher.
What do the affordability guides GDS and TDS compare?
Housing costs, and housing plus all other debts, against gross household income.
Who should you contact first if mortgage payments become hard?
Your lender, as soon as you can.
What do many governments offer to help families with the cost of raising children?
A family or child benefit; Canada's tax-free Canada Child Benefit is one example, so check what exists where you live.
How soon should you apply for unemployment benefits after you stop working?
As soon as you stop working; waiting can lose benefits.
Name two stress tests for a big decision.
For example rates up 2 points, income down, a surprise repair or an earlier cost.
Final exam
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Certificate
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