THE FUTURE MARKETACADEMY
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School of Money (education only)

Credit & Borrowing: loans, mortgages and costs

Education only. This course explains how loans and mortgages work and how to measure what borrowing costs. It is not personal, legal or financial advice, it recommends no lender or product, and it promises no results. Before you borrow, read the lender's own disclosure and speak to a licensed professional about your situation.

What you'll be able to do
  • Sort any borrowing product by type: instalment or revolving, secured or unsecured.
  • Explain the difference between an interest rate and an APR, and work out the total cost of borrowing.
  • Read an amortization schedule and explain why early payments are mostly interest.
  • Compare fixed and variable rates and test what a rate rise would do to a payment.
  • List the costs of a mortgage beyond the monthly payment, and explain term, amortization and prepayment rules.
  • Recognise high-cost credit and the legal limits that exist in different countries.
  • Use a debt-to-income ratio and a comparison sheet to analyse a borrowing offer.
Words in this course 49Open the Vocabulary Hall
01

The map of borrowing

In simple words

Borrowing is like renting money. Some rentals have a fixed end date and fixed payments. Others are like a tap you can turn on and off. Some ask you to leave something valuable as a promise. Knowing which kind you are looking at is the first step.

Before this course: Credit Management: reports, disputes and rebuilding (course 5.2.2). You can already read a credit report, dispute errors, use fraud alerts and freezes, and rebuild credit with honest habits. This course goes one step further: the products you borrow with, and how to measure what they really cost.

Key facts
  • Instalment credit: you borrow one amount and repay it in set payments over a set time. Examples: personal loan, car loan, student loan, mortgage.
  • Revolving credit: you can borrow up to a limit, repay, and borrow again. Examples: credit card, line of credit.
  • Line of credit (FCAC): a type of loan that lets you borrow up to a pre-set limit. You pay interest only on the money you borrow, from the day you withdraw it until you pay it back in full. The rate is usually variable.
  • On a line of credit the minimum payment is often just the interest. The FCAC warns that paying only the interest means you will never pay off the debt.
  • Secured credit uses an asset as collateral (for example a home, a car or a deposit). If you do not repay, the lender may take that asset. Unsecured credit has no asset behind it.
ProductTypeUsually secured?
MortgageInstalmentYes, by the home
Car loanInstalmentOften, by the car
Personal loanInstalmentCan be either
Credit cardRevolvingUsually no (a secured card uses a deposit, course 5.2.2)
Line of creditRevolvingCan be either
Payday loanShort instalmentNo, and very expensive (lesson 6)
  • The same rules from course 5.2 still apply: every application can create an inquiry, and payment history matters most.
Step by step
  1. List every borrowing product you have or are thinking about (or use a practice list).
  2. For each one, write: instalment or revolving.
  3. Write: secured (by what asset) or unsecured.
  4. Write whether the rate is fixed or variable, if you know it.
  5. For any line of credit, write whether you are paying only interest.
  6. Check: every product on your list has a type, a security note and a rate type.
LESSON 01The map of borrowing
LESSON 01 / ANIMATED LESSON / AI VOICE00:00 / 01:00
Read the video script
[Host] "Borrowing is renting money. First, know what kind of rental it is."
[Text on screen: Instalment = fixed payments, fixed end] "Instalment loans have set payments and an end date, like a car loan or a mortgage."
[Text on screen: Revolving = borrow, repay, borrow again] "Revolving credit, like a card or a line of credit, lets you borrow up to a limit again and again."
[Text on screen: Secured = an asset is the promise] "Secured means an asset backs the loan. If you do not repay, the lender may take it."
[Host] "And on a line of credit, paying only interest means the debt never goes away."
Try it now

Make a "borrowing map" table with every product you have or are considering: type, secured or unsecured, fixed or variable, and the current minimum payment.

ClaudeStuck? Copy a ready-made prompt for Claude

Copy this, open Claude, paste it, and Claude will walk you through the lesson step by step.

For a grown-up: Claude is for adults (18+). Copy this, paste it into Claude, and use the answer to explain the lesson to your child.

I'm learning "Credit & Borrowing: loans, mortgages and costs" on The Future Market. Lesson 1: "The map of borrowing".

What the lesson teaches:
- Instalment credit: you borrow one amount and repay it in set payments over a set time. Examples: personal loan, car loan, student loan, mortgage.
- Revolving credit: you can borrow up to a limit, repay, and borrow again. Examples: credit card, line of credit.
- Line of credit (FCAC): a type of loan that lets you borrow up to a pre-set limit. You pay interest only on the money you borrow, from the day you withdraw it until you pay it back in full. The rate is usually variable.
- On a line of credit the minimum payment is often just the interest. The FCAC warns that paying only the interest means you will never pay off the debt.
- Secured credit uses an asset as collateral (for example a home, a car or a deposit). If you do not repay, the lender may take that asset. Unsecured credit has no asset behind it.
- Product - Type - Usually secured?
- Mortgage - Instalment - Yes, by the home

The exercise I'm working on:
Make a "borrowing map" table with every product you have or are considering: type, secured or unsecured, fixed or variable, and the current minimum payment.

I'm stuck. Please:
1. Explain the main idea in plain, simple words with one everyday example.
2. Walk me through the exercise one small step at a time. Ask me what I've done so far before giving the next step.
3. Don't just give me the final answer. Help me do it myself, and check my work when I share it.
4. This is for learning only. Remind me to check with a licensed professional before I make a real decision about my own money, health or legal situation.
I'm a parent helping my child (about 8 years old) with a lesson called "The map of borrowing" from the course "Credit & Borrowing: loans, mortgages and costs".

Here's what the lesson says:
Borrowing is like renting money. Some rentals have a fixed end date and fixed payments. Others are like a tap you can turn on and off. Some ask you to leave something valuable as a promise. Knowing which kind you are looking at is the first step.

The activity:
Make a "borrowing map" table with every product you have or are considering: type, secured or unsecured, fixed or variable, and the current minimum payment.

Please explain this so an 8-year-old understands: short sentences, a fun everyday example, and no hard words.
Then give me 3 simple questions I can ask my child to check they understood, and a way to do the activity together, one tiny step at a time.
Keep it general and educational. This is not advice for a real situation.
Open Claude
Sources
My notes
02

Interest rate, APR and the total cost of borrowing

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03

Amortization: where each payment goes

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04

Fixed or variable: testing a rate change

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05

The full cost of a mortgage

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06

High-cost credit and legal limits

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07

Analysing an offer: capacity, comparison and help

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++

Final project

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??

Quiz

  1. What is the difference between instalment and revolving credit?

  2. What does "secured" mean?

  3. What happens if you only pay the interest on a line of credit?

  4. Why is the APR usually higher than the interest rate?

  5. A loan offers a lower monthly payment over a longer time at the same rate. Is it cheaper?

  6. Why are early payments on an amortizing loan mostly interest?

  7. What does a longer amortization do?

  8. What is the difference between a mortgage term and an amortization period?

  9. Why do a rate shock test?

  10. Name two costs of owning a home besides the mortgage payment.

  11. Why is a payday loan so expensive?

  12. How do you work out a debt-to-income ratio?

EX

Final exam

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CE

Certificate

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