Computer Basics: Files, Folders, Keyboard Shortcuts

Files, folders at extensions

In simple words

Ang file ay parang isang drawing. Ang folder ay parang binder na naglalaman ng mga drawing. Ang maliliit na titik sa dulo ng pangalan ng file, tulad ng ".pdf," ay nagsasabi sa computer kung anong klaseng drawing ito.

Key facts

Isang bagay lang ang laman ng file: dokumento, litrato, kanta o app. Ang folder ay naglalaman ng mga file at iba pang folder.
Ang pangalan ng file ay may base name at extension, na pinaghihiwalay ng tuldok: essay.docx.
Mga karaniwang extension:

Extension	Ano ito
.docx	Dokumentong Microsoft Word
.xlsx	Workbook ng Microsoft Excel
.pptx	Presentasyon ng Microsoft PowerPoint
.pdf	File na Portable Document Format
.jpg	JPEG na litrato
.mp3	Audio file
.zip	Compressed file

Ipakita ang extensions para makita mo sila:
Windows: File Explorer > View > File name extensions.
Mac: Finder > Settings > Advanced > Show all filename extensions.
Huwag palitan nang mano-mano ang extension. Babala ng Apple na baka hindi na mabuksan ang file sa app na gumawa nito.
Ang path ay ang address ng file, tulad ng C:\Users\Sam\Documents\essay.docx sa Windows.

Step by step

I-on ang file extensions. Windows: buksan ang File Explorer, i-click ang View, tapos File name extensions. Mac: buksan ang Finder, tapos Settings, tapos Advanced, tapos Show all filename extensions (puwedeng magkaiba ang pangalan depende sa bersyon).
Buksan ang Documents o Downloads folder mo.
Maghanap ng isang .docx file, isang .pdf file at isang .jpg file. Isulat ang buong pangalan nila.
Tingnan ang bawat pangalan at ituro ang base name at ang extension.
Huwag palitan nang mano-mano ang kahit anong extension, dahil baka hindi na mabuksan ang file.
I-check: nakikita mo ang extensions ng mga file mo at nakakapangalan ka ng tatlong uri.

Watch on YouTube

CS basics: file extensionsMr Matthews · YouTube · youtube.com

Videos by other creators on YouTube, for reference. They are not made by or affiliated with The Future Market.

LESSON 01Files, folders at extensions

LESSON 01 / ANIMATED LESSON / ENGLISH VOICE00:00 / 01:00

Voice

Read the video script

[Host] "Dalawang file na parehong 'essay' ang pangalan. Alin ang PDF?"
[Screen: File Explorer > View > File name extensions] "I-on ang file name extensions at tapos na ang misteryo."
[Text on screen: .docx = Word, .pdf = PDF, .jpg = litrato] "Ang dulo ang nagsasabi ng uri. Ang docx ay Word. Ang PDF ay PDF. Ang JPG ay litrato."
[Host] "At huwag kailanman palitan ang dulo nang ikaw mismo. Baka hindi na mabuksan ang file."

Try it now

I-on ang file extensions sa computer mo. Maghanap ng isang .docx, isang .pdf at isang .jpg na file.

ClaudeStuck? Copy a ready-made prompt for Claude

Copy this, open Claude, paste it, and Claude will walk you through the lesson step by step.

For a grown-up: Claude is for adults (18+). Copy this, paste it into Claude, and use the answer to explain the lesson to your child.

I'm learning "Computer Basics: Files, Folders, Keyboard Shortcuts" on The Future Market. Lesson 1: "Files, folders at extensions".

What the lesson teaches:
- Isang bagay lang ang laman ng file: dokumento, litrato, kanta o app. Ang folder ay naglalaman ng mga file at iba pang folder.
- Ang pangalan ng file ay may base name at extension, na pinaghihiwalay ng tuldok: essay.docx.
- Mga karaniwang extension:
- Extension - Ano ito
- .docx - Dokumentong Microsoft Word
- .xlsx - Workbook ng Microsoft Excel
- .pptx - Presentasyon ng Microsoft PowerPoint

The exercise I'm working on:
I-on ang file extensions sa computer mo. Maghanap ng isang .docx, isang .pdf at isang .jpg na file.

I'm stuck. Please:
1. Explain the main idea in plain, simple words with one everyday example.
2. Walk me through the exercise one small step at a time. Ask me what I've done so far before giving the next step.
3. Don't just give me the final answer. Help me do it myself, and check my work when I share it.

I'm a parent helping my child (about 8 years old) with a lesson called "Files, folders at extensions" from the course "Computer Basics: Files, Folders, Keyboard Shortcuts".

Here's what the lesson says:
Ang file ay parang isang drawing. Ang folder ay parang binder na naglalaman ng mga drawing. Ang maliliit na titik sa dulo ng pangalan ng file, tulad ng ".pdf," ay nagsasabi sa computer kung anong klaseng drawing ito.

The activity:
I-on ang file extensions sa computer mo. Maghanap ng isang .docx, isang .pdf at isang .jpg na file.

Please explain this so an 8-year-old understands: short sentences, a fun everyday example, and no hard words.
Then give me 3 simple questions I can ask my child to check they understood, and a way to do the activity together, one tiny step at a time.

Open Claude

Sources

Microsoft Support, Common file name extensions in Windows: support.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/common-file-name-extensions-in-win
Apple Support, Show or hide filename extensions on Mac: support.apple.com/guide/mac-help/show-or-hide-filename-extensions-on-m
Apple Support, Rename files, folders and disks on Mac: support.apple.com/guide/mac-help/rename-files-folders-and-disks-mchlp1

My notes

I learned this