Start with a question, not a topic
Research is like a treasure hunt. If you know exactly what treasure you're looking for, you find it faster and don't get lost.
- A topic is broad ("social media"). A research question is specific: "How does phone use before bed affect teenagers' sleep?"
- Good questions start with how, why, what effect, compare, and can't be answered with just yes or no.
- Pull out keywords from your question: phone use, bedtime, teenagers, sleep. Then list synonyms: screen time, smartphone, adolescents, sleep quality.
- Background first: an encyclopedia such as Wikipedia is useful for a quick overview. Wikipedia's own guidance calls any encyclopedia "a starting point for research, not an ending point", says citing Wikipedia in research papers may be considered unacceptable, and advises looking up the sources it lists yourself before citing them.
- Write your broad topic, for example social media.
- Make it specific: How does phone use before bed affect teenagers' sleep?
- Check that it starts with how, why, what effect or compare, and cannot be answered with yes or no.
- Underline keywords: phone use, bedtime, teenagers, sleep.
- List synonyms: screen time, smartphone, adolescents, sleep quality.
- Read an encyclopedia entry for background only.
- Check: you have a one-sentence question and 8 or more search words.
Read the video script
[Host] "'I'm researching climate change.' That's a topic. It's way too big."
[Text on screen: Topic vs Question] "Make it a question. How does extreme heat affect outdoor workers in Ontario?"
[Screen: keywords circled in the question] "Now circle your keywords and write two other words for each."
[Screen: Wikipedia References section] "Wikipedia is fine to get started. Then click through to its sources, and use those instead."
Pick a topic you care about. Write one research question, five keywords, and two synonyms for each keyword. Read one encyclopedia article and list two sources from its references that you'll check.
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I'm learning "Research Skills: Find Trustworthy Sources" on The Future Market. Lesson 1: "Start with a question, not a topic".
What the lesson teaches:
- A topic is broad ("social media"). A research question is specific: "How does phone use before bed affect teenagers' sleep?"
- Good questions start with how, why, what effect, compare, and can't be answered with just yes or no.
- Pull out keywords from your question: phone use, bedtime, teenagers, sleep. Then list synonyms: screen time, smartphone, adolescents, sleep quality.
- Background first: an encyclopedia such as Wikipedia is useful for a quick overview. Wikipedia's own guidance calls any encyclopedia "a starting point for research, not an ending point", says citing Wikipedia in research papers may be considered unacceptable, and advises looking up the sources it lists yourself before citing them.
The exercise I'm working on:
Pick a topic you care about. Write one research question, five keywords, and two synonyms for each keyword. Read one encyclopedia article and list two sources from its references that you'll check.
I'm stuck. Please:
1. Explain the main idea in plain, simple words with one everyday example.
2. Walk me through the exercise one small step at a time. Ask me what I've done so far before giving the next step.
3. Don't just give me the final answer. Help me do it myself, and check my work when I share it.I'm a parent helping my child (about 8 years old) with a lesson called "Start with a question, not a topic" from the course "Research Skills: Find Trustworthy Sources". Here's what the lesson says: Research is like a treasure hunt. If you know exactly what treasure you're looking for, you find it faster and don't get lost. The activity: Pick a topic you care about. Write one research question, five keywords, and two synonyms for each keyword. Read one encyclopedia article and list two sources from its references that you'll check. Please explain this so an 8-year-old understands: short sentences, a fun everyday example, and no hard words. Then give me 3 simple questions I can ask my child to check they understood, and a way to do the activity together, one tiny step at a time.
Sources
- Wikipedia, Academic use: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Academic_use
Search like a pro
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Primary, secondary and tertiary sources
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The CRAAP test
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Checking viral claims, photos and videos
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AI chatbots and keeping a research log
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Final project
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Quiz
What is the difference between a topic and a research question?
A topic is broad; a research question is specific and can't be answered with just yes or no.
What does putting words in quotation marks do in a Google search?
Searches for that exact phrase.
What does a site: search, such as site:gov, do?
Limits results to one website or domain.
Is a news article about a study a primary or secondary source?
Secondary.
What does CRAAP stand for?
Currency, Relevance, Authority, Accuracy, Purpose.
What are the four SIFT moves?
Stop; Investigate the source; Find better coverage; Trace claims, quotes and media to the original context.
Should you cite Wikipedia directly?
Generally no. Use it as a starting point and check and cite its sources instead.
An AI chatbot gives you a source. What do you do?
Open it yourself and check it exists and says what was claimed before using it.
Final exam
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Certificate
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