What a terminal is
Normally you tell your computer what to do by clicking pictures. A terminal lets you tell it what to do by typing words instead. You type a short instruction, press Enter, and the computer does it and writes back.
- A terminal is a window where you type text commands. The shell is the program inside it that understands your commands. A command is one instruction, such as
ls. - The prompt is the text before the blinking cursor. It waits for you to type.
- macOS: the app is called Terminal. Per Apple, open it with Spotlight (type Terminal) or go to /Applications/Utilities and double-click Terminal. The default shell is usually zsh.
- Windows: Windows PowerShell is preinstalled on modern Windows, per Microsoft. Search for PowerShell, or press Win + X and choose Windows PowerShell or Terminal. Depending on your version, PowerShell may open inside the Windows Terminal app.
- Windows also has an older Command Prompt (CMD). Claude Code's guide says you can tell them apart: PowerShell lines start with
PS C:\Users\YourName>, CMD lines do not havePS. This course uses PowerShell. - Linux: the app name depends on your system. On many versions, Ctrl + Alt + T opens it, or search the menu for Terminal.
- The same ideas work everywhere, but some commands have different names on Windows PowerShell (we show both).
| macOS | Windows | Linux | |
|---|---|---|---|
| App | Terminal | PowerShell / Windows Terminal | Terminal (name varies) |
| Typical shell | zsh | PowerShell | bash (varies) |
| Prompt looks like | name@Mac ~ % | PS C:\Users\name> | name@pc:~$ |
- Open your terminal: on Mac press Cmd + Space, type Terminal and press Enter; on Windows press Win + X and pick Windows PowerShell (or Terminal); on Linux try Ctrl + Alt + T.
- Look at the prompt and the blinking cursor. That is where you type.
- Type
echo Helloand press Enter. It prints Hello. (echoworks in all of them.) - Type
clearand press Enter to clean the screen. (In PowerShell,clearalso works.) - Press the Up arrow to bring back your last command. Press Enter to run it again.
- Close the window when you are done.
- Check: you saw the word Hello printed under your command.
Videos by other creators on YouTube, for reference. They are not made by or affiliated with The Future Market.
Read the video script
[Host] "A terminal is a window where you type instructions instead of clicking."
[Screen: Mac Terminal, Windows PowerShell and a Linux terminal side by side] "Every computer has one. Mac has Terminal. Windows has PowerShell. Linux has a Terminal app."
[Text on screen: echo Hello] "Type echo Hello and press Enter."
[Screen: output Hello] "The computer answers. That is the whole idea."
[Host] "Type, press Enter, read the answer. Let's learn to move around next."
Open your terminal, run echo with your own name, then press the Up arrow and change the word before running it again. Take a screenshot of your window.
ClaudeStuck? Copy a ready-made prompt for Claude
Copy this, open Claude, paste it, and Claude will walk you through the lesson step by step.
For a grown-up: Claude is for adults (18+). Copy this, paste it into Claude, and use the answer to explain the lesson to your child.
I'm learning "Command Line Basics: your first steps in the Terminal" on The Future Market. Lesson 1: "What a terminal is". What the lesson teaches: - A terminal is a window where you type text commands. The shell is the program inside it that understands your commands. A command is one instruction, such as ls. - The prompt is the text before the blinking cursor. It waits for you to type. - macOS: the app is called Terminal. Per Apple, open it with Spotlight (type Terminal) or go to /Applications/Utilities and double-click Terminal. The default shell is usually zsh. - Windows: Windows PowerShell is preinstalled on modern Windows, per Microsoft. Search for PowerShell, or press Win + X and choose Windows PowerShell or Terminal. Depending on your version, PowerShell may open inside the Windows Terminal app. - Windows also has an older Command Prompt (CMD). Claude Code's guide says you can tell them apart: PowerShell lines start with PS C:\Users\YourName>, CMD lines do not have PS. This course uses PowerShell. - Linux: the app name depends on your system. On many versions, Ctrl + Alt + T opens it, or search the menu for Terminal. - The same ideas work everywhere, but some commands have different names on Windows PowerShell (we show both). The exercise I'm working on: Open your terminal, run echo with your own name, then press the Up arrow and change the word before running it again. Take a screenshot of your window. I'm stuck. Please: 1. Explain the main idea in plain, simple words with one everyday example. 2. Walk me through the exercise one small step at a time. Ask me what I've done so far before giving the next step. 3. Don't just give me the final answer. Help me do it myself, and check my work when I share it.
I'm a parent helping my child (about 8 years old) with a lesson called "What a terminal is" from the course "Command Line Basics: your first steps in the Terminal". Here's what the lesson says: Normally you tell your computer what to do by clicking pictures. A terminal lets you tell it what to do by typing words instead. You type a short instruction, press Enter, and the computer does it and writes back. The activity: Open your terminal, run echo with your own name, then press the Up arrow and change the word before running it again. Take a screenshot of your window. Please explain this so an 8-year-old understands: short sentences, a fun everyday example, and no hard words. Then give me 3 simple questions I can ask my child to check they understood, and a way to do the activity together, one tiny step at a time.
Sources
- Apple Support, Terminal User Guide: Open or quit Terminal: support.apple.com/guide/terminal/open-or-quit-terminal-apd5265185d-f36
- Microsoft Learn, PowerShell 101: Getting started: learn.microsoft.com/en-us/powershell/scripting/learn/ps101/01-getting-
- Claude Code docs, Terminal guide for new users: code.claude.com/docs/en/terminal-guide
Folders and paths
This lesson is part of full access: every course and every level for one payment.
Moving around (pwd, cd, ls)
This lesson is part of full access: every course and every level for one payment.
Making, copying, moving and deleting (safely)
This lesson is part of full access: every course and every level for one payment.
Running programs
This lesson is part of full access: every course and every level for one payment.
Safety: never paste what you do not understand
This lesson is part of full access: every course and every level for one payment.
How Claude Code uses the terminal
This lesson is part of full access: every course and every level for one payment.
Final project
This lesson is part of full access: every course and every level for one payment.
Quiz
What is a terminal, and what is a shell?
A terminal is a window where you type commands; the shell is the program that understands them.
How does Apple say to open Terminal on a Mac?
Use Spotlight and type Terminal, or open /Applications/Utilities and double-click Terminal.
What does
pwddo?It shows your current (working) directory.
What do
.and..mean in a path?.is this folder,..is the parent folder.What are the PowerShell names for cd and ls?
Set-Location(alias cd) andGet-ChildItem(alias ls or dir).Which command makes a folder?
mkdir.Is there an undo for
rmorRemove-Item?No. Treat deleting as permanent; use
rm -ior-WhatIfand check withlsfirst.What does
rm -ido?It asks before removing each file.
What does
-WhatIfdo in PowerShell?It shows what would happen without doing it.
Why be careful with sudo or Run as administrator?
They give a command full control, so a wrong or harmful command can do more damage.
What should you do with a command you do not understand?
Do not run it. Look up each part or ask a trusted person.
How do you start Claude Code from a project folder?
cdinto the folder, then typeclaudeand press Enter.
Final exam
This lesson is part of full access: every course and every level for one payment.
Certificate
This lesson is part of full access: every course and every level for one payment.