THE FUTURE MARKETACADEMY
Your classroomRoom 05 · Money House
School of Money (education only)

Crypto and Bitcoin Explained (Including Mining)

What you'll be able to do
  • Explain what crypto-assets are, including stablecoins and NFTs.
  • Describe how Bitcoin works: blocks, the blockchain and why transactions are hard to reverse.
  • Explain Bitcoin mining, proof of work, the halving and the 21 million supply limit.
  • Understand wallets, exchanges and private keys, and how to avoid common traps.
  • Know the main risks and the basic tax rules for crypto in your country (Canadian rules are the worked example).

This course is education only. It does not recommend buying, selling or holding any crypto-asset, and it contains no price predictions. Crypto prices can be extremely volatile and you can lose all the money you put in. For decisions about your own money or taxes, consult a licensed professional.

Words in this course 45Open the Vocabulary Hall
01

What crypto is

In simple words

Imagine a giant notebook that thousands of computers all keep a copy of. Every time someone sends a digital coin, everyone writes it down in their copy. Nobody can secretly change the notebook, because everyone else would notice.

Key facts
  • Canada's tax agency (the CRA) describes crypto-assets as "digital representations of value which rely on cryptographically secured distributed ledgers, or similar technology".
  • A distributed ledger is a shared record kept on many computers. A blockchain is one kind: records are grouped into blocks that are linked in order.
  • Payment tokens like Bitcoin: unlike traditional currencies, most are not controlled by a central bank.
  • Stablecoins are designed to keep a steady value, often by being pegged to something like the US dollar or gold.
  • NFTs (non-fungible tokens) are unique digital assets on a blockchain.
  • Crypto is not bank money: in Canada, CDIC deposit insurance does not cover crypto, including stablecoins, and CIPF does not treat crypto assets as eligible property. Other countries' deposit schemes cover bank deposits, not crypto either: see In your country below.
In your country
  • The Canada Deposit Insurance Corporation (CDIC) insures deposits and GICs at member institutions up to CAD 100,000 per category, including principal and interest.
  • It does not cover mutual funds, stocks, bonds, ETFs or cryptocurrencies, including stablecoins.
  • Source: CDIC, your coverage: www.cdic.ca/your-coverage/
  • The FDIC insures deposits at FDIC-insured banks to at least $250,000 (US dollars) per depositor, per bank, per ownership category (checked 2026). Federally insured credit unions are covered by the NCUA up to $250,000 per member-owner.
  • It does not cover non-deposit products such as stocks, bonds or crypto.
  • Source: FDIC, Deposit insurance: www.fdic.gov/resources/deposit-insurance/
  • The Philippine Deposit Insurance Corporation (PDIC) covers up to PHP 1 million per depositor, per bank (from 15 March 2025).
  • Source: PDIC deposit insurance page: www.pdic.gov.ph/deposit-insurance
  • The Deposit Insurance Regulation (in force 1 May 2015) covers deposits at banks set up in mainland China. The maximum payout is RMB 500,000 per depositor at each insured bank (2015 regulation text).
  • Source: Deposit Insurance Regulation (gov.cn): www.gov.cn/zhengce/2015-03/31/content_2840827.htm
  • The Deposit Insurance Corporation of Japan (DICJ) protects ordinary deposits up to 10 million yen of principal per depositor per financial institution, plus interest (FSA and DICJ pamphlet). Foreign-currency deposits are not covered.
  • Source: FSA and DICJ, Deposit insurance pamphlet: www.fsa.go.jp/policy/payoff/03.pdf
  • The Korea Deposit Insurance Corporation (KDIC) protects deposits up to KRW 100 million (from 1 September 2025). Investment products tied to fund performance are not covered.
  • Source: FSC press release, 22 Jul 2025: fsc.go.kr/eng/pr010101/84977
Step by step
  1. Write three short headings: Blockchain, Stablecoin, NFT.
  2. Under each, write one sentence in your own words.
  3. Draw a notebook with many copies of it, one per computer, to show the shared notebook idea.
  4. Explain the picture to a friend or family member.
  5. Write down one fact: bank deposit insurance (CDIC in Canada) does not cover crypto.
  6. Check: your three sentences match the lesson, and your listener can repeat the shared notebook idea back.
Watch on YouTube
How does a blockchain work, simply explainedSimply Explained · YouTube · youtube.com

Videos by other creators on YouTube, for reference. They are not made by or affiliated with The Future Market.

LESSON 01What crypto is
LESSON 01 / ANIMATED LESSON / AI VOICE00:00 / 01:00
Read the video script
[Host] "Crypto, in one sentence: digital value recorded on a shared notebook that thousands of computers keep."
[Screen: many computers each holding the same ledger page] "That shared record is called a distributed ledger. Bitcoin's is a blockchain."
[Text on screen: no central bank] "Most crypto isn't controlled by a central bank."
[Text on screen: stablecoins / NFTs] "Stablecoins try to stay at a fixed value. NFTs are one-of-a-kind digital items."
[Text on screen: CDIC does NOT cover crypto] "And remember: bank deposit insurance does not cover crypto."
Try it now

In your own words, write one sentence each explaining: blockchain, stablecoin, NFT. Then explain the "shared notebook" idea to a friend or family member.

ClaudeStuck? Copy a ready-made prompt for Claude

Copy this, open Claude, paste it, and Claude will walk you through the lesson step by step.

For a grown-up: Claude is for adults (18+). Copy this, paste it into Claude, and use the answer to explain the lesson to your child.

I'm learning "Crypto and Bitcoin Explained (Including Mining)" on The Future Market. Lesson 1: "What crypto is".

What the lesson teaches:
- Canada's tax agency (the CRA) describes crypto-assets as "digital representations of value which rely on cryptographically secured distributed ledgers, or similar technology".
- A distributed ledger is a shared record kept on many computers. A blockchain is one kind: records are grouped into blocks that are linked in order.
- Payment tokens like Bitcoin: unlike traditional currencies, most are not controlled by a central bank.
- Stablecoins are designed to keep a steady value, often by being pegged to something like the US dollar or gold.
- NFTs (non-fungible tokens) are unique digital assets on a blockchain.
- Crypto is not bank money: in Canada, CDIC deposit insurance does not cover crypto, including stablecoins, and CIPF does not treat crypto assets as eligible property. Other countries' deposit schemes cover bank deposits, not crypto either: see In your country below.

The exercise I'm working on:
In your own words, write one sentence each explaining: blockchain, stablecoin, NFT. Then explain the "shared notebook" idea to a friend or family member.

I'm stuck. Please:
1. Explain the main idea in plain, simple words with one everyday example.
2. Walk me through the exercise one small step at a time. Ask me what I've done so far before giving the next step.
3. Don't just give me the final answer. Help me do it myself, and check my work when I share it.
4. This is for learning only. Remind me to check with a licensed professional before I make a real decision about my own money, health or legal situation.
I'm a parent helping my child (about 8 years old) with a lesson called "What crypto is" from the course "Crypto and Bitcoin Explained (Including Mining)".

Here's what the lesson says:
Imagine a giant notebook that thousands of computers all keep a copy of. Every time someone sends a digital coin, everyone writes it down in their copy. Nobody can secretly change the notebook, because everyone else would notice.

The activity:
In your own words, write one sentence each explaining: blockchain, stablecoin, NFT. Then explain the "shared notebook" idea to a friend or family member.

Please explain this so an 8-year-old understands: short sentences, a fun everyday example, and no hard words.
Then give me 3 simple questions I can ask my child to check they understood, and a way to do the activity together, one tiny step at a time.
Keep it general and educational. This is not advice for a real situation.
Open Claude
Sources
My notes
02

How Bitcoin works

This lesson is part of full access: every course and every level for one payment.

03

Mining, proof of work and the halving

This lesson is part of full access: every course and every level for one payment.

04

Wallets, exchanges and keys

This lesson is part of full access: every course and every level for one payment.

05

The risks

This lesson is part of full access: every course and every level for one payment.

06

Crypto and taxes (with Canadian examples)

This lesson is part of full access: every course and every level for one payment.

++

Final project

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??

Quiz

  1. How do many tax agencies describe crypto-assets?

  2. Does deposit insurance usually cover crypto or stablecoins?

  3. When was the first Bitcoin block mined?

  4. About how often is a new Bitcoin block added?

  5. What is a satoshi?

  6. What is proof of work?

  7. How often does the block reward halve?

  8. What is the block reward as of 2026?

  9. What is Bitcoin's maximum supply?

  10. Why check your country's tax rules before swapping one crypto for another?

  11. You bought crypto for $1,000 and swapped it for another crypto worth $1,500. What is the gain?

  12. Who should you give your recovery phrase to?

EX

Final exam

This lesson is part of full access: every course and every level for one payment.

CE

Certificate

This lesson is part of full access: every course and every level for one payment.