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Physics in Everyday Life: motion, forces, energy

What you'll be able to do
  • Measure speed and acceleration with a tape measure and a phone stopwatch.
  • Explain Newton's three laws using things you do every day: riding in a car, kicking a ball, jumping.
  • Explain why a hammer and a feather fall together on the Moon, but not on Earth.
  • Use friction and air resistance to explain brakes, tires, parachutes and slippery floors.
  • Work out kinetic and potential energy with simple formulas, and see why speed matters so much in crashes.
  • Use levers, ramps and pulleys to make jobs easier, and explain why.

Safety first: every experiment here uses safe household items. Kids: do them with an adult. Never drop things from high places or where people walk below.

Words in this course 35Open the Vocabulary Hall
01

Motion: speed, velocity and acceleration

In simple words

Speed is how fast something goes. If you run across the yard in 5 seconds and your friend takes 10, you were faster. Acceleration is when you speed up, slow down or turn, like a swing going faster at the bottom.

Key facts
  • Speed = distance / time. If you walk 100 m in 50 s, your speed is 2 m/s.
  • Velocity is speed in a given direction (for example, 2 m/s north).
  • Acceleration is how quickly velocity changes. Speeding up, slowing down and turning are all acceleration.
  • Units (SI, the metric system): distance in metres (m), time in seconds (s), speed in m/s, acceleration in m/s² (metres per second, every second).
  • Changing units: to change km/h to m/s, divide by 3.6. So 50 km/h is about 13.9 m/s and 100 km/h is about 27.8 m/s.
  • Average vs. instant speed: a car trip of 120 km in 2 hours has an average speed of 60 km/h, even if the speedometer showed 0 at red lights and 100 on the highway.
Example

A toy car rolls 3 m across the floor in 1.5 s. Speed = 3 / 1.5 = 2 m/s. That is 2 x 3.6 = 7.2 km/h.

Step by step
  1. Take a tape measure and mark 10 m on a sidewalk or in a park (with an adult if you are a kid).
  2. Use your phone stopwatch to time yourself walking the 10 m. Write the time.
  3. Time yourself fast walking, then jogging.
  4. Work out each speed: 10 divided by the time, in m/s.
  5. Change each to km/h by multiplying by 3.6.
  6. Compare with a car moving through a school zone (for example 30 km/h is about 8.3 m/s).
  7. Check: you have three speeds in m/s and km/h and know which one is closest to a school-zone car.
Watch on YouTube
Speed and velocity (middle school physics)Khan Academy · YouTube · youtube.com

Videos by other creators on YouTube, for reference. They are not made by or affiliated with The Future Market.

LESSON 01Motion: speed, velocity and acceleration
LESSON 01 / ANIMATED LESSON / AI VOICE00:00 / 01:00
Read the video script
[Host with a tape measure on a hallway floor] "Physics starts with a simple question: how fast?"
[Text on screen: Speed = distance / time] "Speed is distance divided by time."
[Screen: toy car rolling 3 m with a stopwatch showing 1.5 s] "Three metres in 1.5 seconds. That's 2 metres per second."
[Text on screen: km/h divided by 3.6 = m/s] "To switch from kilometres per hour to metres per second, divide by 3.6."
[Host] "And acceleration? That's any change: speeding up, slowing down, or turning."
Try it now

Mark 10 m on a sidewalk or in a park with a tape measure. Time yourself walking, then fast walking, then jogging (with an adult if you're a kid). Calculate each speed in m/s and in km/h. Which one is closest to a car moving through a school zone?

ClaudeStuck? Copy a ready-made prompt for Claude

Copy this, open Claude, paste it, and Claude will walk you through the lesson step by step.

For a grown-up: Claude is for adults (18+). Copy this, paste it into Claude, and use the answer to explain the lesson to your child.

I'm learning "Physics in Everyday Life: motion, forces, energy" on The Future Market. Lesson 1: "Motion: speed, velocity and acceleration".

What the lesson teaches:
- Speed = distance / time. If you walk 100 m in 50 s, your speed is 2 m/s.
- Velocity is speed in a given direction (for example, 2 m/s north).
- Acceleration is how quickly velocity changes. Speeding up, slowing down and turning are all acceleration.
- Units (SI, the metric system): distance in metres (m), time in seconds (s), speed in m/s, acceleration in m/s² (metres per second, every second).
- Changing units: to change km/h to m/s, divide by 3.6. So 50 km/h is about 13.9 m/s and 100 km/h is about 27.8 m/s.
- Average vs. instant speed: a car trip of 120 km in 2 hours has an average speed of 60 km/h, even if the speedometer showed 0 at red lights and 100 on the highway.

The exercise I'm working on:
Mark 10 m on a sidewalk or in a park with a tape measure. Time yourself walking, then fast walking, then jogging (with an adult if you're a kid). Calculate each speed in m/s and in km/h. Which one is closest to a car moving through a school zone? ---

I'm stuck. Please:
1. Explain the main idea in plain, simple words with one everyday example.
2. Walk me through the exercise one small step at a time. Ask me what I've done so far before giving the next step.
3. Don't just give me the final answer. Help me do it myself, and check my work when I share it.
I'm a parent helping my child (about 8 years old) with a lesson called "Motion: speed, velocity and acceleration" from the course "Physics in Everyday Life: motion, forces, energy".

Here's what the lesson says:
Speed is how fast something goes. If you run across the yard in 5 seconds and your friend takes 10, you were faster. Acceleration is when you speed up, slow down or turn, like a swing going faster at the bottom.

The activity:
Mark 10 m on a sidewalk or in a park with a tape measure. Time yourself walking, then fast walking, then jogging (with an adult if you're a kid). Calculate each speed in m/s and in km/h. Which one is closest to a car moving through a school zone? ---

Please explain this so an 8-year-old understands: short sentences, a fun everyday example, and no hard words.
Then give me 3 simple questions I can ask my child to check they understood, and a way to do the activity together, one tiny step at a time.
Open Claude
My notes
02

Newton's three laws, all around you

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03

Gravity and falling

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04

Friction and air resistance

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05

Energy: moving, stored and never lost

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06

Simple machines: work smarter, not harder

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++

Final project

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??

Quiz

  1. What is the formula for speed?

  2. How do you change 72 km/h into m/s?

  3. Name the three things that count as acceleration.

  4. Which law explains why you lurch forward when a car brakes hard?

  5. What does F = m x a mean in everyday words?

  6. Why did the hammer and feather land together on the Moon?

  7. About how much does gravity increase a falling object's speed each second near Earth?

  8. Name one useful and one annoying effect of friction.

  9. If you double your speed, what happens to your kinetic energy?

  10. What unit is energy measured in, and what unit is power measured in?

  11. Does a ramp reduce the work needed to lift a box?

  12. Name three of the six simple machines.

EX

Final exam

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CE

Certificate

This lesson is part of full access: every course and every level for one payment.